United Nations Day, held on 24th October, celebrates the coming into force of the UN Charter in 1945. This year will commemorate the 79th anniversary of the United Nations.
On 31st October 1947, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 168 (II) initiating the observance of this day to raise public awareness regarding the UN's objectives and accomplishments. The date also reverberates with the spirit of the 1942 Allies Day military parade at which nations opposing the Axis powers showcased their unity and catharsis during World War II.
Following World War I, the League of Nations was designed to prevent future conflicts. However, that aim was not fulfilled due to their inability to enforce its decisions and to maintain world peace, thus, highlighting the need for an establishment of a stronger international organisation. That recognition in conjunction with world devastation due to World War II ushered in the making of the UN, based on a renewed philosophy of world cooperation and peacekeeping.
The foundation of the United Nations was laid in the Atlantic Charter formulated by the then US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, signed by 26 nations, and outlining key objectives for peace and security after World War II. This vision was further refined during the Dumbarton Oaks Conference in 1944, where the framework for the United Nations was developed. In 1945, the United Nations came into being with the signature of 51 countries on the Charter in the San Francisco Conference with the central aim of restoring peace and cooperation for all. Currently, the United Nations has grown to include 193 members.
The United Nations has six main organs: the General Assembly, Security Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat, Trusteeship Council, and Economic and Social Council. These organs help the UN address global challenges through diplomacy, legal actions and humanitarian work.
The achievements of the United Nations in various fields, such as peacekeeping, human rights promotion and protection, health, and sustainable development, are highly regarded, as are its various treaties and technical specialised organisations. United Nations Day is not only the celebration of achievements but also serves as a call to action for a sustainable, fair and peaceful future for all.
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